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4、The rankings of China's universities advance, yet the national or regional rankings have few changes. For example, the rankings of China's top 20 universities change a little comparing with 2009,following to the table below:
Table1:Evaluation on world—class universities in 2011
the universities in the mainland of China(Top 20)
5、The highly cited papers and hot papers in China are continuously increasing, while the great gap between countries with strong researching power still exists. The highly cited papers index of the mainland in 2011 is the 8th,and the hot papers index is the 9th.Comparing with 2009,the ranking of highly cited papers ascends three, and that of hot papers ascends two. The quantities and ranking of highly cited papers and hot papers are continueing ascending in the mainland, which shows that research power and influence keep enhancing. It is still, however, far from the states with strong research power. For instance, top 1 Perking University in China only has 279 highly cited papers, top 20 world—class universities own over 1,000 highly cited papers ,which is 2—10 times more than Perking University has. Harvard University has 4,560.Although the quantities and ranking of highly cited papers and hot papers have ascended, the high ration is relatively low. In 2011, the high ration in the mainland of china are the 44th. All these show that the quality of papers in China still need to enhance greatly.
6、 Behind the quantities’ great increasing, there are several hidden issues. The same to the recent years, the number of patents in China is large. For example, the patents of Zhejiang University amount to 8,846, Tsinghua University 6,050, while the top universities in the world fewer than 1,000. It is partly related to the type of Chinese patents, for most of patents in China are utility model patents. On the other hand, it results from the patent lower conversion ratio in China. Foreign patent conversion ratio is much higher than ours, and parts of their patents’ ownership is transferred to other companies. Besides, intellectual property protection laws in China are rigorous，though efficiency of the laws is not high. As a result, during the construction of innovational country and university, we should increase the quantities and at the same time, pay more attention to quality.
7、There are still many things to do for the disciplines construction. From 2007to 2009, the amount of disciplines coming into ESI in the mainland of China has been increasing successively. In 2011, except Economics & Business, Immunology, Psychiatry Psychology, universities and research institutions with the other 19 disciplines all come into ESI. The quantities of disciplines into ESI in each university, however, is small. The Chinese academy of sciences has 19 disciplines into ESI, Perking University 15, Zhejiang University 13, and Fudan University 11. Yet other universities in the mainland only have 1—9 disciplines into ESI. While there are 22 disciplines of world top universities coming into ESI in common. Chinese academy of sciences and Tsinghua University both have 2 disciplines at top 10, the former’s are Physics and Plant & Animal Science, the latter’s are Engineering and Material Science. The disciplines of the world top 10 universities are complete and influential, such as Harvard university has 14 disciplines at the top 10, and Stanford University has 10.
According to the evaluation on disciplines competitiveness of world-class universities and research institutions, our center believes that during the advancement to world—class universities, China’s universities and research institutions should pay attention to the follows: ① strive to increase quantities of papers to enhance research productivity; ②improve quality of papers to promote citation, highly cited papers, and high ration to expand research influence and enhance research development power; ③construct first—class disciplines to expand research influence; ④understand the world research frontiers and increase the amount of hot papers to boost research innovation; ⑤develop original research, increasing the total number of patents as well as patents per capita, especially pay attention to the research and development of patent invention types to enhance research innovation. Only in this way, we will improve our research competitiveness and come into the world first-class universities and research institutions front row.
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| 【Network of Science & Education Evaluation in China m.uvvvu.cn】 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
